Wednesday, 23 May 2012

Representation NOTES


REPRESENTATION: (MUSIC VIDEO)
*Identify characters, issues, themes from your production…
*What representational concepts are highlighted? (race, age, gender etc)
*Discuss specific elements of character representation (facial expression, mode of address, costume etc
*Does the representation challenge or conform with stereotypes/expectations

Media producers have no choice but to be selective in their choice of material, however naturalistic their approach
so….
texts will always represent individuals, groups and issues, whatever the intentions of the producer.
What is being visually represented in a music video?
-A form of hyper-reality?
-The lyrics of the song?
-The music?
-The artist?
-A theme within the narrative?
-A movement – feminism?
Stereotypes - why have they proved popular/identify with:
—With audiences?
—With institutions (
marketing and creative)?
David Gauntlett - constructing identity : Audiences and representation, Gauntlett says that we reconfirm or challenge our identity through watching media texts.
Laura Mulvey - the male gaze
One theory in media studies is the idea of the ‘male gaze’. This explores the idea that the camera ‘sees’ images through male eyes.
Postmodernism: Hyper-Reality - Baudrillard
—Representation of reality or simulacra
Stuart Hall - encoding and decoding texts
—Particular representations become established through repetition in the media e.g. villain characters / antagonists
-they develop a ‘common sense’ status through their ‘per formative nature’
-Hall focuses on issues of race and culture but his theory can be applied to any representation.
How to construct your answer:

Introduction: Definition. Which product will you use to discuss? What is being represented within your music video? A form of reality? The lyrics of the song? The music? The artist? A theme within the narrative? A movement – feminism?

Paragraph 1: Stereotypes
What stereotypes have you represented? How have you done this (tie in with media language) What are the risks/benefits for audiences/institutions? Are there any stereotypes that are under represented/ misrepresented?
Gauntlett’s theory of reconfirming or challenging our identity through watching media texts. Using texts as toolbox. How does this relate your own work?

Paragraph 2: Ideology
How does your coursework re-enforce or challenge stereotypes, are they hegemonic representations? 

Paragraph 3: Stuart Hall - Preferred Readings and encoding/decoding texts
How might different audience ‘readings’ of texts affect how the representation of the text is formed. Stuart Hall’s theory of representations becoming established through ‘repetition’ and a ‘common sense status’ through the ‘performative nature’ of texts (we know what a car chase feels like because we have seen in within a media text).

Paragraph 4: Gender representation
Judith Butler Gender as a performance – masculine or feminine?
Laura Mulvey The Male Gaze
Post Feminist

Paragraph 5: Postmodernism
Baudrillard Hyper-reality & simulacra, how can we apply this to your music videos, how are they focusing on media constructions of representations, to what extent have you used intertextuality to represent reality?

Conclusion
How have you made use of the issue of representation in your text? What are the advantages of representation within a media text for audiences? What limitations are there?

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